陶瓷轴承具有耐高温、耐寒、耐磨、耐腐蚀、抗磁电绝缘、无油自润滑、高转速等特性。可用于极度恶劣的环境及特殊工况,可广泛应用于航空、航天、航海、石油、化工、汽车、冶金、电力、纺织、泵类、医疗器械、科研和国防军事等领域,是新材料应用的高科技产品。
KOVE公司生产的陶瓷轴承,套圈滚动体采用全陶瓷材料,有氧化锆(ZrO2)氮化硅(SI3N4)碳化硅(SIC)三种。保持器采用PTFE、PEEK、UPE、PVDF、PA66、SUS304、SUS316和陶瓷保持架材料等。如:耐高温轴承、耐腐蚀轴承、防磁轴承、电绝缘轴承、真空轴承等。
耐高温轴承:
材料本身具有耐高温度1200℃,且自润滑好,使用温度在100°-800°间不产生因温差造成的膨胀。可应用在制塑、制钢等高温设备中;
耐腐蚀轴承:
材料本身具有耐腐蚀的特性 ,可应用在强酸、强碱、无机、有机盐、海水等领域 如:半导体设备、LCD设备、食品机械设备、电镀设备、化工设备、纺织机械,医疗机械、船舶制造等。
防磁轴承:
因无磁不吸粉尘,可减少轴承提前剥落、噪声大等。可用在退磁设备。精密仪器等领域。
电绝缘轴承:
因电阻力高,可免电弧损伤轴承,可用在各种要求绝缘的电力设备中。
真空轴承:
因陶瓷材料独具的无油自润滑特性,可应用在超高真空环境中,可克服普通轴承无法实现润滑之难题。
注:本公司所提供的以上五种类别轴承,同一套轴承可应用到高温、酸碱、磁场、非绝缘中,但因材料性能有所不同,故请客户选择产品时,告之本公司所应用的场合,我们将为您挑选材料最适合的陶瓷轴承。
氧化锆陶瓷轴承具有耐高温耐低寒、耐高压、耐腐蚀、耐酸碱、抗磁电绝缘、无油自润滑等一系列特性,适合在混合陶瓷球轴承和钢轴承无法适应的特殊环境下工作。
| 套圈 | 球 | 保持架 | 最高使用温度 | 耐腐蚀性能 | 应用场合 |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PTFE | 180℃ | 优 | 半导体设备、LCD设备、食品设备、电镀设备、化工设备、纺织机械,医疗机械 |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PEEK | 260℃ | 优 | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PFA | 180℃ | 优 | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PA66/UPE/PP | 90℃ | 良 | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PET | 110℃ | 良 | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | FT24(氟素材) | 180℃ | 优 | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PI | 300℃ | 优 | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PVDF | 180℃ | 优 | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | NO CAGE | 300℃~400℃ | 优 |
| RING | BALL | CAGE | Max working Temp. | Anti-corrosion | Application |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PTFE | 180℃ | Excellent | Semiconductor equipment,LCD wel equipment,Food machinery,Electroplating equipment, Chemical equipment,Textile machinery,Medical machinery |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PEEK | 260℃ | Excellent | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PFA | 180℃ | Excellent | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PA66/UPE/PP | 90℃ | Good | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PET | 110℃ | Good | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | FT24 | 180℃ | Excellent | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PI | 300℃ | Excellent | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PVDF | 180℃ | Excellent | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | NO CAGE | 300℃~400℃ | Excellent |
| RING | BALL | CAGE | Max working Temp. | Anti-corrosion | Application |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PTFE | 180℃ | Excellent | Semiconductor equipment,LCD wel equipment,Food machinery,Electroplating equipment, Chemical equipment,Textile machinery,Medical machinery |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PEEK | 260℃ | Excellent | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PFA | 180℃ | Excellent | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PA66/UPE/PP | 90℃ | Good | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PET | 110℃ | Good | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | FT24 | 180℃ | Excellent | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PI | 300℃ | Excellent | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | PVDF | 180℃ | Excellent | |
| ZrO2 | ZrO2/SI3N4 | NO CAGE | 300℃~400℃ | Excellent |
备:保持架材料根据不同客户的使用环境要求来选择,不同的保持架使用的环境各不相同,具体可咨询我司专业人士。
氮化硅全陶瓷轴承具有氧化锆的所有特性外,还具有自身比重轻、耐磨性好,硬度高。氮化硅材料制的全陶瓷轴承相比氧化锆材料陶瓷轴承更可适用于高转速及负载能力,以及更耐高温。同时具有良好的高温强度、机械的抗氧化能力、高温承载能力和良好的耐强酸、强碱腐蚀性气体。
| 套圈 | 球 | 保持架 | 最高使用温度 | 耐腐蚀性能 | 应用场合 |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PTFE | 180℃ | 优 | 半导体设备、LCD设备、食品设备、电镀设备、化工设备、纺织机械,医疗机械 |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PEEK | 260℃ | 优 | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PFA | 180℃ | 优 | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PA66/UPE/PP | 90℃ | 良 | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PET | 110℃ | 良 | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | FT24 | 180℃ | 优 | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PI | 300℃ | 优 | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PVDF | 180℃ | 优 | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | NO CAGE | 1100℃ | 优 |
| RING | BALL | CAGE | Max working Temp. | Anti-corrosion | Application |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PTFE | 180℃ | 优 | Semiconductor equipment,LCD wel equipment,Food machinery,Electroplating equipment, Chemical equipment,Textile machinery,Medical machinery |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PEEK | 260℃ | Excellent | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PFA | 180℃ | Excellent | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PA66/UPE/PP | 90℃ | Good | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PET | 110℃ | Good | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | FT24 | 180℃ | Excellent | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PI | 300℃ | Excellent | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PVDF | 180℃ | Excellent | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | NO CAGE | 1100℃ | Excellent |
| RING | BALL | CAGE | Max working Temp. | Anti-corrosion | Application |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PTFE | 180℃ | 优 | Semiconductor equipment,LCD wel equipment,Food machinery,Electroplating equipment, Chemical equipment,Textile machinery,Medical machinery |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PEEK | 260℃ | Excellent | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PFA | 180℃ | Excellent | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PA66/UPE/PP | 90℃ | Good | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PET | 110℃ | Good | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | FT24 | 180℃ | Excellent | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PI | 300℃ | Excellent | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | PVDF | 180℃ | Excellent | |
| Si3N4 | SI3N4 | NO CAGE | 1100℃ | Excellent |
备:保持架材料根据不同客户的使用环境要求来选择,不同的保持架使用的环境各不相同,具体可咨询我司专业人士。
碳化硅陶瓷相比其它几种陶瓷,它的表现在:耐化学腐蚀性最好、尤其耐氢氟酸的侵蚀;强度高、硬度高,耐磨性能好、摩擦系数小,耐温最高。
| 套圈 | 球 | 保持架 | 最高使用温度 | 耐腐蚀性能 | 应用场合 |
| SiC | SiC | PTFE | 180℃ | 优 | 半导体设备、LCD设备、食品设备、电镀设备、化工设备、纺织机械,医疗机械 |
| SiC | SiC | PP | 90℃ | 优 | |
| SiC | SiC | PVDF | 180℃ | 优 | |
| SiC | SiC | NO CAGE | 1400℃ | 优 |
| RING | BALL | CAGE | Max working Temp. | Anti-corrosion | Application |
| SiC | SiC | PTFE | 180℃ | Excellent | Semiconductor equipment,LCD wel equipment,Food machinery,Electroplating equipment, Chemical equipment,Textile machinery,Medical machinery |
| SiC | SiC | PP | 90℃ | Excellent | |
| SiC | SiC | PVDF | 180℃ | Excellent | |
| SiC | SiC | NO CAGE | 1400℃ | Excellent |
| RING | BALL | CAGE | Max working Temp. | Anti-corrosion | Application |
| SiC | SiC | PTFE | 180℃ | Excellent | Semiconductor equipment,LCD wel equipment,Food machinery,Electroplating equipment, Chemical equipment,Textile machinery,Medical machinery |
| SiC | SiC | PP | 90℃ | Excellent | |
| SiC | SiC | PVDF | 180℃ | Excellent | |
| SiC | SiC | NO CAGE | 1400℃ | Excellent |
备:此表推荐的是在使用时有很强的化学溶液和气体腐蚀,并且有氢冠酸的环境下使用的陶瓷轴承。
氧化铝陶瓷轴承采用氧化铝含量为99%的氧化铝陶瓷。其滚动体也采用氧化铝陶瓷。
| 套圈 | 球 | 保持架 | 最高使用温度 | 耐腐蚀性能 | 应用场合 |
| AI2O3 | AI2O3 | PTFE | 180℃ | 优 | 半导体设备、LCD设备、食品设备、电镀设备、化工设备、纺织机械,医疗机械 |
| AI2O3 | AI2O3 | PEEK | 90℃ | 优 | |
| AI2O3 | AI2O3 | PA66/UPE/PP | 180℃ | 优 | |
| AI2O3 | AI2O3 | NO CAGE | 1400℃ | 优 |
| RING | BALL | CAGE | Max working Temp. | Anti-corrosion | Application |
| AI2O3 | AI2O3 | PTFE | 180℃ | Excellent | Semiconductor equipment,LCD wel equipment,Food machinery,Electroplating equipment, Chemical equipment,Textile machinery,Medical machinery |
| AI2O3 | AI2O3 | PEEK | 90℃ | Excellent | |
| AI2O3 | AI2O3 | PA66/UPE/PP | 180℃ | Excellent | |
| AI2O3 | AI2O3 | NO CAGE | 1400℃ | Excellent |
| RING | BALL | CAGE | Max working Temp. | Anti-corrosion | Application |
| AI2O3 | AI2O3 | PTFE | 180℃ | Excellent | Semiconductor equipment,LCD wel equipment,Food machinery,Electroplating equipment, Chemical equipment,Textile machinery,Medical machinery |
| AI2O3 | AI2O3 | PEEK | 90℃ | Excellent | |
| AI2O3 | AI2O3 | PA66/UPE/PP | 180℃ | Excellent | |
| AI2O3 | AI2O3 | NO CAGE | 1400℃ | Excellent |
备:保持架材料根据不同客户的使用环境要求来选择,不同的保持架使用的环境各不相同,具体可咨询我司专业人士。
滑动陶瓷轴承和全陶瓷结构件制作常采用材料为氧化锆陶瓷、氮化硅陶瓷、无压烧结碳化硅陶瓷、氧化铝等陶瓷材料。可制作成各种尺寸规格的滑动陶瓷轴承和全陶瓷结构件。
| 套圈 | 最高使用温度 | 耐腐蚀性能 | 应用场合 |
| ZrO2 | 400℃ | 优 | 半导体设备、LCD设备、食品设备、电镀设备、化工设备、纺织机械,医疗机械 |
| Si3N4 | 1100℃ | 优 | |
| SiC | 1400℃ | 优 | |
| 99%AI2O3 | 1500℃ | 优 |
| RING | Max working Temp. | Anti-corrosion | Application |
| ZrO2 | 400℃ | Excellent | Semiconductor equipment,LCD wel equipment,Food machinery,Electroplating equipment, Chemical equipment,Textile machinery,Medical machinery |
| Si3N4 | 1100℃ | Excellent | |
| SiC | 1400℃ | Excellent | |
| 99%AI2O3 | 1500℃ | Excellent |
| RING | Max working Temp. | Anti-corrosion | Application |
| ZrO2 | 400℃ | Excellent | Semiconductor equipment,LCD wel equipment,Food machinery,Electroplating equipment, Chemical equipment,Textile machinery,Medical machinery |
| Si3N4 | 1100℃ | Excellent | |
| SiC | 1400℃ | Excellent | |
| 99%AI2O3 | 1500℃ | Excellent |
备:保持架材料根据不同客户的使用环境要求来选择,不同的保持架使用的环境各不相同,具体可咨询我司专业人士
满球型全陶瓷轴承采用无保持架结构设计,轴承设计为一面带添球口,以方便装入更多的陶瓷球,从而提高其负荷能力,这种设计是为了避免因保持架材料的限制,而提高轴承的耐腐蚀及耐温效果。该系列轴承不适宜较高转速。
满球轴承适合选用的轴承系列
深沟球轴承
角接触球轴承
推力球轴承
外球面轴承
不锈钢440/S304/S316L轴承、混合陶瓷球轴承
采用陶瓷保持架是为了满足于强腐蚀、高低温等恶劣工况环境,陶瓷保持架相比于其它的保持架则具有更好的耐磨性,耐腐蚀性及自润滑的优点。
| 性能 | 单位符号 | 氧化锆 | 氮化硅 | 碳化硅 | 氧化铝 |
| 颜色 | 白色 | 灰色或黑色 | 灰色 | 象牙色 | |
| 密度 | g/cm3 | 6-6.05 | 3.22-3.25 | 3.15-3.2 | 3.85-3.92 |
| 硬度 | kg/mm | 1250 | 1600 | 2450 | 1800 |
| 韧性 | MN/m | 7.0 | 6.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 |
| 弯曲强度 | kgf/cm 3 | 100-120 | 80-100 | 40-50 | 30-40 |
| 热冲击性 | △T,℃ | 280 | 900 | 400 | 200 |
| 热涨系数 | x10-6/℃ | 9.0 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 7.0 |
| 使用温度 | ℃ | 400 | 1200 | 1500 | 1600 |
| 耐腐蚀性(酸和碱) | Good | Good | Excellent | Excellent | |
| 热导性 | w/mk | 3.0 | 29 | 120 | 23 |
| 疲劳寿命 | 80X | 100X | 50X | 40X | |
| 磁性 | Non | Non | Non | Non | |
| 绝缘性 | 绝缘性 | 绝缘性 | 绝缘性 | 绝缘性 | |
| 抗压强度 | MPa | 2000 | 3500 | 2250-300 | 2800-3500 |
| 断裂韧性 | Mpa:m-3/2 | 11 | 7 | 4-5 | 2-4 |
| 韦伯模数 | GPa | >15 | >15 | >6 | >6 |
| 弹性模数 | GPa | 210 | 320 | 410 | 420 |
| 泊松比 | 0.3 | 0.26 | 0.16 | 0.2 | |
| 电阻 | mm2/m | >1010 | >1014 | 100~2 | >1014~1018 |
| 比电阻 | mm2/m | 1015 | 1018 | ||
| 比热 | J/KgK | 400 | 800 | ||
| 应力循环次数(50%破坏机率) | 50*106 | 50*106 | |||
| 流动接触皮劳失效形式 | 剥落/断裂 | 剥落 | |||
| 尺寸稳定性 | 好 | 好 | 好 | 好 |
| Properyies | Unit | ZrO2 | SisN4 | SiC | 99AL2O3 |
| Color | White | Gray or black | Gray | Ivory | |
| Prto Density | g/cm3 | 6-6.05 | 3.22-3.25 | 3.15-3.2 | 3.85-3.92 |
| HV Hardness | kg/mm | 1250 | 1600 | 2450 | 1800 |
| Toughness | MN/m | 7.0 | 6.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 |
| Bending Strength | kgf/cm 3 | 100-120 | 80-100 | 40-50 | 30-40 |
| Heat Impact | △T,℃ | 280 | 900 | 400 | 200 |
| aCoef of expansion | x10-6/℃ | 9.0 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 7.0 |
| Max Usage Temperature | ℃ | 400 | 1200 | 1500 | 1600 |
| Corrosion Resistance(Acid&Klali) | Good | Good | Excellent | Excellent | |
| Therma I Conductivity | w/mk | 3.0 | 29 | 120 | 23 |
| Fatigue Life | 80X | 100X | 50X | 40X | |
| Magnetism | Non | Non | Non | Non | |
| Insulation | Insulation | Insulation | Insulation | Insulation | |
| Indentation strength | MPa | 2000 | 3500 | 2250-300 | 2800-3500 |
| Impact strength | Mpa:m-3/2 | 11 | 7 | 4-5 | 2-4 |
| Weber modulus | GPa | >15 | >15 | >6 | >6 |
| Modulus of elasticity | GPa | 210 | 320 | 410 | 420 |
| Poisson ratio | 0.3 | 0.26 | 0.16 | 0.2 | |
| Resistivity | mm2/m | >1010 | >1014 | 100~2 | >1014~1018 |
| Specific resist ity | mm2/m | 1015 | 1018 | ||
| Specific heat | J/KgK | 400 | 800 | ||
| Degree of circulation (50% vandalism rate) | 50*106 | 50*106 | |||
| Destroy model | Peeling / tearing | Peeling | |||
| Dimension stability | Good | Good | Good | Good |
| Properyies | Unit | ZrO2 | SisN4 | SiC | 99AL2O3 |
| Color | White | Gray or black | Gray | Ivory | |
| Prto Density | g/cm3 | 6-6.05 | 3.22-3.25 | 3.15-3.2 | 3.85-3.92 |
| HV Hardness | kg/mm | 1250 | 1600 | 2450 | 1800 |
| Toughness | MN/m | 7.0 | 6.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 |
| Bending Strength | kgf/cm 3 | 100-120 | 80-100 | 40-50 | 30-40 |
| Heat Impact | △T,℃ | 280 | 900 | 400 | 200 |
| aCoef of expansion | x10-6/℃ | 9.0 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 7.0 |
| Max Usage Temperature | ℃ | 400 | 1200 | 1500 | 1600 |
| Corrosion Resistance(Acid&Klali) | Good | Good | Excellent | Excellent | |
| Therma I Conductivity | w/mk | 3.0 | 29 | 120 | 23 |
| Fatigue Life | 80X | 100X | 50X | 40X | |
| Magnetism | Non | Non | Non | Non | |
| Insulation | Insulation | Insulation | Insulation | Insulation | |
| Indentation strength | MPa | 2000 | 3500 | 2250-300 | 2800-3500 |
| Impact strength | Mpa:m-3/2 | 11 | 7 | 4-5 | 2-4 |
| Weber modulus | GPa | >15 | >15 | >6 | >6 |
| Modulus of elasticity | GPa | 210 | 320 | 410 | 420 |
| Poisson ratio | 0.3 | 0.26 | 0.16 | 0.2 | |
| Resistivity | mm2/m | >1010 | >1014 | 100~2 | >1014~1018 |
| Specific resist ity | mm2/m | 1015 | 1018 | ||
| Specific heat | J/KgK | 400 | 800 | ||
| Degree of circulation (50% vandalism rate) | 50*106 | 50*106 | |||
| Destroy model | Peeling / tearing | Peeling | |||
| Dimension stability | Good | Good | Good | Good |
*以上为实验室数据,如使用情况不同,会有不同变化
| 介质 | 分子式 | 含量 | 温度 | 耐腐蚀性 |
| 醋酸 | CH3COOH | 80 | 沸腾 | 优秀 |
| 醋酸/醋酸酐 | CH3COOH+CH3CO | 50/80 | 沸腾 | 优秀 |
| 水+氯化钠 | H2O+NaCI | 沸腾 | 优秀 | |
| 碳酸 | H2CO3 | 沸腾 | 优秀 | |
| 铜 | CU | 1400°C | 优秀 | |
| 食物酸 | 沸腾 | 优秀 | ||
| 果汁 | 沸腾 | 优秀 | ||
| 盐酸 | HCI | 35 | 25°C | 良好 |
| 盐酸+氯化铁 | HCI+FaCI2 | 沸腾 | 良好 | |
| 氯氟酸 | HF | 25°C | 不推荐 | |
| 硝酸 | HNO3 | 83 | 25°C | 良好 |
| 硝酸+盐酸 | HNO3+HCI | 80+20 | 沸腾 | 良好 |
| 磷酸 | H3PO4 | 25°C | 优秀 | |
| 氢氧化钾 | KOH | 85 | 25°C | 优秀 |
| 碳酸钠+硫酸 | Na2Co3+H2SO3 | 80/20 | 925°C | 优秀 |
| 氢氧化钠 | NaOH | 50 | 沸腾 | 优秀 |
| 硫酸 | H2SO4 | 20 | 25°C | 优秀 |
| 硫酸 | H2SO4 | 98 | 50°C | 良好 |
| 铝 | AI | 100 | 700°C | 优秀 |
| 锌 | Zn | 100 | 500°C | 良好 |
| Chemical environment | Molecular formula | Contents% | Temperature | Anti-corrosion property |
| Acetic acid | CH3COOH | 80 | Boiling | Excellent |
| Acetic acid/Acetic anhydride | CH3COOH+CH3CO | 50/80 | Boiling | Excellent |
| Water + sodium chloride | H2O+NaCI | Boiling | Excellent | |
| Carbonic acid | H2CO3 | Boiling | Excellent | |
| Copper | CU | 1400°C | Excellent | |
| Food acid | Boiling | Excellent | ||
| Fruit juice | Boiling | Excellent | ||
| Hydrochloric acid | HCI | 35 | 25°C | Good |
| Chloride + Hydrochloric acid | HCI+FaCI2 | Boiling | Good | |
| Fluorine acid | HF | 25°C | Nomination | |
| Nitric acid | HNO3 | 83 | 25°C | Good |
| Nitric acid + hydrochloric acid | HNO3+HCI | 80+20 | Boiling | Good |
| Phosphoric acid | H3PO4 | 25°C | Excellent | |
| Potassium hydroxide | KOH | 85 | 25°C | Excellent |
| Sodium carbonate + sulfuric acid | Na2Co3+H2SO3 | 80/20 | 925°C | Excellent |
| Sodium hydroxide | NaOH | 50 | Boiling | Excellent |
| Sulfuric acid | H2SO4 | 20 | 25°C | Excellent |
| Sulfuric acid | H2SO4 | 98 | 50°C | Good |
| Aluminum | AI | 100 | 700°C | Excellent |
| Zinc | Zn | 100 | 500°C | Good |
| Chemical environment | Molecular formula | Contents% | Temperature | Anti-corrosion property |
| Acetic acid | CH3COOH | 80 | Boiling | Excellent |
| Acetic acid/Acetic anhydride | CH3COOH+CH3CO | 50/80 | Boiling | Excellent |
| Water + sodium chloride | H2O+NaCI | Boiling | Excellent | |
| Carbonic acid | H2CO3 | Boiling | Excellent | |
| Copper | CU | 1400°C | Excellent | |
| Food acid | Boiling | Excellent | ||
| Fruit juice | Boiling | Excellent | ||
| Hydrochloric acid | HCI | 35 | 25°C | Good |
| Chloride + Hydrochloric acid | HCI+FaCI2 | Boiling | Good | |
| Fluorine acid | HF | 25°C | Nomination | |
| Nitric acid | HNO3 | 83 | 25°C | Good |
| Nitric acid + hydrochloric acid | HNO3+HCI | 80+20 | Boiling | Good |
| Phosphoric acid | H3PO4 | 25°C | Excellent | |
| Potassium hydroxide | KOH | 85 | 25°C | Excellent |
| Sodium carbonate + sulfuric acid | Na2Co3+H2SO3 | 80/20 | 925°C | Excellent |
| Sodium hydroxide | NaOH | 50 | Boiling | Excellent |
| Sulfuric acid | H2SO4 | 20 | 25°C | Excellent |
| Sulfuric acid | H2SO4 | 98 | 50°C | Good |
| Aluminum | AI | 100 | 700°C | Excellent |
| Zinc | Zn | 100 | 500°C | Good |


